Sampling wouldn't have helped in the VW emissions case. All the cars had the same software to detect if it was on the road or at a test stand and adjust the fue

Sampling wouldn't have helped in the VW emissions case. All the cars had the same software to detect if it was on the road or at a test stand and adjust the fuel mapping accordingly. Maybe in the future, they'll do road tests. IMO, any time you can test it in a higher fidelity environment, the better. There's a lot that needs to be worked out on the testing side to prevent gaming the system.