> its very hard to pick one to learn If you don't know it already, you learn C, as well as you can. It is not a hard language to learn, but it has a lot of foo

> its very hard to pick one to learn If you don't know it already, you learn C, as well as you can. It is not a hard language to learn, but it has a lot of footguns. That's why you learn it along with tools like Valgrind & sanitizers. Then you look at Rust. That's somewhat harder to learn, but nails some important details you need to think about while writing C. It will make some things obvious that you'd need to learn by shooting yourself in the foot repeatedly in C. You don't need to use Rust once you got what you need out of it education-wise, but a lot of people like and use it. At this point it is kind of unimportant what other "systems" language you decide to learn, but here's my opinion of some of them: - Personally I like Odin's ergonomics. It is incredibly convenient. You can just jump in and start writing OpenGL code without dealing with wrappers and all that. Included vendor libraries take care of a lot. - I also like the explicitness of Zig. It seems like it'll be the most popular one in the future, most likely not because of the language itself but because of the tooling. By the way the reason I say "not because of the language" is that the maintainers seem uninterested in having some way to constrain generics. The language sorely needs some sort of comptime interface / traits / concepts, anytype-everything is not nice. In 10 years someone will come up with a Boost-like library that implements just that in userspace and it'll be horrible. - Ocaml is garbage collected Rust, or rather, Rust is non-garbage-collected Ocaml. It is underrated. Jane Street people are adding borrow checker to it. Could be more popular in the future. Also, all languages are "systems" languages depending on how you wield them. No need to bikeshed about Ocaml's "system"ness status. - D is pretty cool. Very fragmented library ecosystem if you want to do betterC or no-gc though. Be prepared to just use C or C++ libraries, which it can talk to pretty easily. - Nim is a nice language. Does reference counting so it has a low memory footprint compared to other GC'd languages. It compiles to C so technically it is the most portable language in this list. You can easily run it on microprocessors that others won't run on. Try it, you'll very quickly land on "like it" / "don't like it" territory depending on your programming style. - Jai is non-existent right now. Doesn't warrant a discussion until Jon Blow feels it is ready for prime time. But since that's his strategy, expect something practical and polished. If it sucks, two possibilities: 1) he didn't deliver and it won't get drastically better or 2) your use case was not in consideration. - C3, it exists, it is usable, it is like a halfway between C and D. I didn't spend much time on it yet. - Free Pascal: I didn't use it but just putting it here because this list is getting long & it kind of deserves a shout. Lazarus looks nice. - Go: Use Java or C# instead, they can compile to native now. - C++: It exists, it is used everywhere, it sucks. As opposed to most other languages on this list, it wasn't designed. It kind of picked up random features along the way because they looked good. You kind of design it by picking up a subset and putting up with its weirdnesses. Don't use it if you can help it. If you have to use it you most likely didn't have a choice in the first place.