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Interesting - I'm not familiar with HP-UX vaults - did they ever catch on in other Unix versions, and did they predate zones in Solaris? How do they compare to

Interesting - I'm not familiar with HP-UX vaults - did they ever catch on in other Unix versions, and did they predate zones in Solaris? How do they compare to Linux containers? That doesn't refute my statement that BSD pioneered containers with jails, as jails were widely used across multiple BSD versions (though they're oddly missing on macOS) before Linux's container architecture existed. I had thought IBM did VMs rather than OS-level virtualization (wasn't Gene Amdahl the one who came up with the rules for classically virtualizable architectures?) but I'm not particularly familiar with IBM systems (though I have looked at the 360 instruction set, which has amazingly lasted for more than 50 years.)

pjmlp 3y ago
HP-UX Vault were introduced in 1998, it was the other UNIXes that catched up to them, including BSD. Sadly the way things went, it isn't that much relevant nowadays.
lproven 3y ago
> did they predate zones in Solaris? Yes. I wrote a history of this stuff in 2011: https://www.theregister.com/Print/2011/07/18/brief_history_of_virtualisation_part_3/ https://www.theregister.com/Print/2011/07/18/brief_history_o... FreeBSD jails first, then Solaris Zones, then Linux containers. Linux VServer came first but is not really a normal container implementation, although it has similarities. HP-UX 10.24 seems to be 1996: http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/hp/9000_hpux/HPUX_Versions.txt http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/hp/9000_hpux/HPUX_Versions.txt I know next to nothing about it though. > That doesn't refute my statement that BSD pioneered containers with jails I'd say that was a fair call. > I had thought IBM did VMs rather than OS-level virtualization It does both. AIX calls its containers WPARs: https://www.ibm.com/docs/en/spectrum-lsf/10.1.0?topic=tips-os-partitioning-virtualization-oracle-solaris-aix https://www.ibm.com/docs/en/spectrum-lsf/10.1.0?topic=tips-o... > (wasn't Gene Amdahl the one who came up with the rules for classically virtualizable architectures?) No, Popek and Goldberg. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popek_and_Goldberg_virtualization_requirements https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popek_and_Goldberg_virtualizat... FWIW I wrote a history of that, too: https://www.theregister.com/Print/2011/07/14/brief_history_of_virtualisation_part_2/ https://www.theregister.com/Print/2011/07/14/brief_history_o...

pjmlp 3y ago

HP-UX Vault were introduced in 1998, it was the other UNIXes that catched up to them, including BSD. Sadly the way things went, it isn't that much relevant nowadays.

lproven 3y ago

> did they predate zones in Solaris? Yes. I wrote a history of this stuff in 2011: https://www.theregister.com/Print/2011/07/18/brief_history_of_virtualisation_part_3/ https://www.theregister.com/Print/2011/07/18/brief_history_o... FreeBSD jails first, then Solaris Zones, then Linux containers. Linux VServer came first but is not really a normal container implementation, although it has similarities. HP-UX 10.24 seems to be 1996: http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/hp/9000_hpux/HPUX_Versions.txt http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/hp/9000_hpux/HPUX_Versions.txt I know next to nothing about it though. > That doesn't refute my statement that BSD pioneered containers with jails I'd say that was a fair call. > I had thought IBM did VMs rather than OS-level virtualization It does both. AIX calls its containers WPARs: https://www.ibm.com/docs/en/spectrum-lsf/10.1.0?topic=tips-os-partitioning-virtualization-oracle-solaris-aix https://www.ibm.com/docs/en/spectrum-lsf/10.1.0?topic=tips-o... > (wasn't Gene Amdahl the one who came up with the rules for classically virtualizable architectures?) No, Popek and Goldberg. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popek_and_Goldberg_virtualization_requirements https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popek_and_Goldberg_virtualizat... FWIW I wrote a history of that, too: https://www.theregister.com/Print/2011/07/14/brief_history_of_virtualisation_part_2/ https://www.theregister.com/Print/2011/07/14/brief_history_o...