These ligatures are definitely French ligatures. See for example this picture from French wikipedia, https://commons.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ligature_typogra

These ligatures are definitely French ligatures. See for example this picture from French wikipedia, https://commons.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ligature_typographique.JPG#mw-jump-to-license https://commons.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ligature_typograph... But also French typographical ligatures (well beyond the syntactic ones that are mandatory) aren't really related to cursives, they are a typographical convention. like the cursive s doesn't look like s and wouldn't have a ligature with t from the top of the t in cursive. (However, at least for French cursives it's common to do a single cross for double tt which I guess is a ligature?) I also only learned cursives in school. In fact writing in script was forbidden and not taught at all.