That answers the first part, not the second. What force would push tech companies to accelerate their pace of innovation, necessitating a larger workforce? I'm

That answers the first part, not the second. What force would push tech companies to accelerate their pace of innovation, necessitating a larger workforce? I'm not seeing a surge of customers demanding new essential features on the horizon. We've gone through several bubbles with no deflation over the past few years. I expect big companies can keep up their pace of innovation while continuing to layoff through efficiency/consolidation/depreciation efforts (which shareholders will love). Small tech companies will get closer to the norm of small-businesses, needing an efficient and effective business strategy for funding - there will be fewer new players, each running tighter ships. Zombie start-ups will continue folding over several years, freeing up more labor. What are the systemic signs pointing to a need for more labor within the tech industry?