> Are there any places on earth that can sustain themselves without heavy ongoing support from other places on earth Contemporary hunter-gatherer societies exi

> Are there any places on earth that can sustain themselves without heavy ongoing support from other places on earth Contemporary hunter-gatherer societies exist, and probably will as long as the climates sustaining them last and the rest of humanity leaves the ranges involved alone. That's probably a good floor for consideration. Every other society else exists on a scale of autarky to interdependence but given that globalization is fairly recent it seems fairly clear a lot of nation-state scale and maybe smaller societies probably could do agriculture + craft and maybe even industry well enough to be self-sustaining, if perhaps less efficiently or wealthily (Amish / Mennonite communities seem like they'd have a good shot). Industrialization and interdependence are definitely associated, but we know we can get there from a much more independent place if given environments like those humanity has had (so far) to launch from. Without a sufficiently friendly environment, we're talking about a different class of dependence (arguably complete). There are harsh environments on earth that demonstrate this, and every extraterrestrial destination available to us makes those harsh earthly environments look like easy mode.