I'm more an aerospace guy, but I am fully aware of the time scale around production technology changes. Thing is so, 2030 is an estimate, not a commitment. And

I'm more an aerospace guy, but I am fully aware of the time scale around production technology changes. Thing is so, 2030 is an estimate, not a commitment. And I didn't find anything about actual investments or announcememts from OEMs around that. Also, 20% of castings still means a lot of welding before a car body is made. One thing regarding Toyotas production system so: it is all about management and processes and not about the actual machinery. And it share a lot of principles ranging as far back as Venice's Arsenal in the 16/17th century and, especially, WW2 mass manifavturing of, e.g., planes. Anothet major difference: TPS is a proven methodology for longer than Tesla, let alone any production tech coming out of Tesla, exists as a company.