> Every time I see this I wonder if the commentor has seen a hydraulic power steering pump. They're tiny as hydraulic and pneumatic drives are often quite a bit

> Every time I see this I wonder if the commentor has seen a hydraulic power steering pump. They're tiny as hydraulic and pneumatic drives are often quite a bit smaller than comparable electric ones (e.g. cordless vs pneumatic power tools). The pump or motor size is totally irrelevant to this discussion and to the packaging advantages. There is no steering column with steer by wire. If you have seen a mechanical steering column, as found in all hydraulic and electric power steering systems, it requires a significant amount of space to route from cabin to the front wheels, and you are limited in the paths and angles it can take to reach the rack. This is completely gone in steer by wire - that's the packaging advantage - not the pump, not the motors. Taken to the extreme, you can do designs that are completely impossible with mechanical steering columns - see the Canoo design for example, which uses steer by wire to create a cabin that would literally be impossible with a steering column: https://www.canoo.com/canoo/ https://www.canoo.com/canoo/ You could even design interiors that can switch from left hand to right hand drive, with a sliding steering wheel. It also reduces the cost of shipping left and right hand drive variants, as you no longer need to engineer space on both the left and right sides of the car to fit the column for different markets. But no need to take only my word for it; ZF, as in your earlier examples, also make the exact same arguments about packaging (and also about infinite adjustability, fwiw): > "SbW's (Steer by Wire) additional advantages include gaining space in general and new design options in the cockpit... There is now more legroom because there is no longer a steering structure running through it." > "In terms of steering experiences – from sporty-direct to comfortable-relaxed – every setting is possible in the same car. The system can also translate the same steering wheel movement variably depending on the driving situation, i.e. for parking and at low city speeds, the wheels angle (very) strongly for the change of direction, while they angle only slightly at high highway speeds." https://www.zf.com/mobile/en/technologies/vehicle_motion_control/stories/sbw.html https://www.zf.com/mobile/en/technologies/vehicle_motion_con... > "we can make the steering ratio completely variable depending on the driving situation – unlike the fixed steering ratios used for a mechanical connection between the steering wheel and the front wheels" > "Installing steer-by-wire steering systems reduces the assembly effort needed to build today's right-and left-hand drive versions of the same passenger car model." https://www.zf.com/mobile/en/technologies/vehicle_motion_control/stories/x-by-wire.html https://www.zf.com/mobile/en/technologies/vehicle_motion_con...