> most experiments and observations are done on earth Yes, but all astronomy built on same foundations. For example just cup of years, exists literally observa

> most experiments and observations are done on earth Yes, but all astronomy built on same foundations. For example just cup of years, exists literally observation of Black hole, but few decades before their behavior observed only by indirect measurements, which are absolutely confirmed theory. Also last years launched few large scale experiments with satellites, and few others planned. For example, LISA Pathfinder was launched to orbit 500000km..800000km, which is not much for astronomic scales, but definitely is not on Earth surface (Moon is less then half million kilometers from Earth) :) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LISA_Pathfinder https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LISA_Pathfinder First very far automatic chemical lab, probably was Mariner series on Mars. Later was Galileo, Cassini–Huygens (list included on bottom of page). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cassini%E2%80%93Huygens https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cassini%E2%80%93Huygens https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vega_program https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vega_program Must admit, I cannot remember any space mission, with rich chemical lab , considered to work at open space (Vega has chemical lab on descent craft, Halley comet part was just radar/imaging). But chemical rocket engines work same, and all known electronics also work same as on Earth surface. I'm few decades waiting for any evidence of chemical reactions depending on gravitational influence, but nothing happen.