One country still stands out. As for the following, I wonder why academia never built its own chain of trust a'la PGP: "For another, using commercial email add

One country still stands out. As for the following, I wonder why academia never built its own chain of trust a'la PGP: "For another, using commercial email addresses as a feature to identify potential fake papers could lead to discrimination against honest scientists from developing countries. Furthermore, even in developed countries, there are good reasons for authors to use commercial rather than academic email addresses."