An unwillingness to co-operate is not generally considered a threat. > and they were mostly DOA Maybe those stores should have invested a few dozen billion do

An unwillingness to co-operate is not generally considered a threat. > and they were mostly DOA Maybe those stores should have invested a few dozen billion dollars in building up a comprehensive first-party app ecosystem that made them attractive to users. Economies of scale, and all. Nobody's going to your farmer's market, because everyone's going to the mall that has a Walmart.