> What are you talking about? Statistical significance is directly calculated from effect size and standard deviation. But it's not about how big the effect is

> What are you talking about? Statistical significance is directly calculated from effect size and standard deviation. But it's not about how big the effect is. It's how likely that the effect was or was not due to chance. A very small effect can be statistically significant. You missed "sample size" in your list above - a big sample size can help you show a small effect is probably not chance.