As stated in Bill Gate's book [summary: 1], there are basically 5 issues to deal with: automobile transportation, energy (industrial/housing), airplanes, cement

As stated in Bill Gate's book [summary: 1], there are basically 5 issues to deal with: automobile transportation, energy (industrial/housing), airplanes, cement, and cows. All of these will require multifaceted, long term solutions to get to net-zero carbon emissions. An opinion (no necessarily in the book) is that we need short term solutions to bridge the gap. This is not talked about enough. For example, sequestration to start removing the carbon from the atmosphere and climate engineering to reflect solar insolation back out of the atmosphere before it has a chance to get into the heat trap. Off the top of my head, short term solutions could include putting sulphur back into shipping fuel [notes: 2](probably a bad idea), but other similar things could be investigated. The math needs to be done on whether it would be a net win for humanity. Perhaps there are additives to put into aircraft fuel that could mimic the effect of a volcanic eruption? Probably not even all of the 100,000 flights per day would need to carry it. This recent post [3] on creating a stable carbon brick that claims $100 per ton will hopefully play out and scale up. Something like $200 billion per year for 20-30 years would solve it. That's a lot of money but on a global scale it's really not. I'm not a fan of nuclear (my first job was at a nuclear power plant), but I would be ok with its use to power sequestration at a massive scale. All of these should be done - if they aren't already - while working on the decarbonization of the five things. [1]https://medium.com/feedium/book-summary-how-to-avoid-climate-disaster-by-bill-gates-6b10f954adb5 https://medium.com/feedium/book-summary-how-to-avoid-climate... [2] https://www.carbonbrief.org/analysis-how-low-sulphur-shipping-rules-are-affecting-global-warming/ https://www.carbonbrief.org/analysis-how-low-sulphur-shippin... [3] https://www.geekwire.com/2023/bill-gates-backed-startup-can-store-carbon-underground-for-1000-years-in-plant-based-bricks/ https://www.geekwire.com/2023/bill-gates-backed-startup-can-...