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> Except for choosing an orbit that degrades relatively quickly. You answered your own question. More specifically, a Kessler syndrome is the problem that occ
by Tuna-Fish 3y ago
> Except for choosing an orbit that degrades relatively quickly.
You answered your own question.
More specifically, a Kessler syndrome is the problem that occurs when satellites collide and shatter into clouds of sand-sized particles, and then the sand-sized particles impact more satellites and shatter them, leading to a cascade that clears the whole orbit. Because small things deorbit faster than large things (square-cube scaling), this simply cannot happen at orbits that are low enough, at the Starlink deployment orbits if there was a catastrophic collision, most of the material would be out of orbit in a matter of days. At the even lower orbits of V2 constellation, most of the material will be out of orbit in a matter of hours.
The reason Kessler syndrome gets mentioned with Starlink is that the original system design had the early sats at 1100km and most of the constellation at ~800km. This would have been really bad, because that's about the worst possible orbit for collisions, as it's just high enough not to be swept clean by the atmosphere, but low enough that orbital velocities are very high and collisions are more likely. After the concerns were raised, SpaceX modified their design to be not dangerous.
- bryanlarsen 3y agoTo augment: sand-sized particles have a massive area/mass ratio, which is the main determinant in how quickly things deorbit. An unpowered Starlink satellite will deorbit naturally in 5 years. A sand sized particle in a Starlink orbit will deorbit naturally within a single orbit (90 minutes).
- bryanlarsen 3y agoAnd more augmentation: sand size particles aren't the concern anyways. Satellites get hit by sand size meteors regularly. The space station is protected by Whipple shields. Satellites aren't, so sometimes they are partially or fully disabled by a sand size particle, but they never disintegrate because of one. Particles under 1cm in size don't cause Kessler because they're too small. Particles over 1cm in size don't cause Kessler because they are big enough to be tracked and actively avoided.