Energy subsidies is a tricky one since depending on what kind of technology one want to promote/demote there are prime examples for why they are corrupt (except

Energy subsidies is a tricky one since depending on what kind of technology one want to promote/demote there are prime examples for why they are corrupt (except for geothermal I think. I never heard any stories about energy subsidies issues in Iceland). Nuclear do like their subsidies in term of research, building, deconstruction and waste storage. However looking at Europe, around 70% of that is for the single fusion research project called ITER, and like supercolliders, its not exactly about producing a product for paying consumers. Wind/Solar are the single biggest recipient of subsidies in EU by a factor of 2x of everything else in the grid. They also get far more per watt produced than anything else, mostly going to building, deconstruction, grid connections and price guaranties. Hydro receive a lot of subsidies for repair and modernization. Dam repair and flooding protection is expensive and with climate change there is even bigger need for fixing Europe old hydro power dams. They are also in general non-compliant with the environmental regulations (several species are going extinct), but that is not a subsidies issues directly. Fixing the dams so they allow for fish to pass is however a subsidies issue, but as far as I know no country in EU has so far started to put any serious money into it. And then we have fossil fuel subsidies. A large portion of the "reserve energy" plan in eu (the one that is used to balance the grid) is based on keeping a large number of fossil fuel plants on stand-by, paid through subsidies. Then there is subsidies on extracting the fuel itself, subsidies on trading fuel, and subsidies on storage of the fuel, and transportation of the fuel. This is not accounting for the environmental cost from burning fossil fuels, which some see as a form of subsidies. Energy subsidies are quite frankly very corrupt in basically every part that there is.