I think for leading edge technology, if these regimes can reproduce your work at all, whether they do so is more about the incentive structures in place. By re

I think for leading edge technology, if these regimes can reproduce your work at all, whether they do so is more about the incentive structures in place. By restricting access, you provide the incentives for them to truly indigenously invest in the technology. By restricting access, you actually remove all control of the technology you had in the first place. After a bunch of back and forth, the US blocked access to Intel chips used in the Sunway Tianhe-2 supercomputer. The next version, the Sunway TaihuLight, was the fastest supercomputer in the world for two years, running on indigenously designed Chinese chips.