> One fun scenario for the future is rich households progressively going off-grid, leaving poorer households to finance a larger share of the grid costs, which

> One fun scenario for the future is rich households progressively going off-grid, leaving poorer households to finance a larger share of the grid costs, which increases incentives to go off-grid until everybody who can afford it is off grid and the remainder struggles to pay for the infrastructure. I don't think it's going to be rich households vs poor households, it's going to be sparse residential areas vs dense residential areas, respectively. Because, in all honesty, you aren't going off-grid if you don't exclusively own the roof (for solar). And because solar nets so little power per square meter, you need a lot of panels per household. A single roof over a six-floor apartment building just isn't going to have enough surface area to let the residents go off-grid. A single roof over a single-family home in the suburbs is generally enough.