1) There is no reason to attribute all of the carbon intensity to the last use to be added. It is far more accurate to estimate the carbon intensity of somethin

1) There is no reason to attribute all of the carbon intensity to the last use to be added. It is far more accurate to estimate the carbon intensity of something by the blended production mix at its time of use. Fossil fuel plants are often kept online for factors beyond the need for additional capacity at a certain time. 2) You are assuming there is no curtailment or rejection of wind, solar, and nuclear, which is categorically false. This is why there are time-of-day rates that vary so drastically. There are large amounts of renewable/low-carbon energy that would otherwise be wasted in pretty much every geography.