I’d guess the former, but only because I’m honestly surprised anything designed or manufactured under government mandate post (generously) 1985 actually works.

I’d guess the former, but only because I’m honestly surprised anything designed or manufactured under government mandate post (generously) 1985 actually works. The collapse of the Soviet Union might have marked the start of open (!) looting, but with rare exceptions Soviet research organizations have been in pure subsistence mode for a decade or more before that.