Some capabilities are available through the carrier. For example, a cell carrier has access to subscribers' coarse location information, since they can tell whi

Some capabilities are available through the carrier. For example, a cell carrier has access to subscribers' coarse location information, since they can tell which cell tower(s) the subscriber is connected to, and the physics involved provides coarse direction and distance. Other capabilities require access to the device, either through an exploit or spyware.