Finland runs ground source water to water (geothermal) heat pumps on district heating carrying lower temperature waste heat from industrial processes. If one do

Finland runs ground source water to water (geothermal) heat pumps on district heating carrying lower temperature waste heat from industrial processes. If one does that they don't need a borehole, but it needs the waste heat infrastructure and it only works where the population density is higher (apartment and office buildings). Also if one has a lake or high enough groundwater, it's easier since one only needs to put the outside pipes in the lake or pump water, or dig shallower trenches or boreholes. So the choice mostly depends on your location and what energy resources you have around you.