Residency slots are the bottle neck because the AMA requires residency to be the bottleneck. There is literally no path to becoming a physician other than the

Residency slots are the bottle neck because the AMA requires residency to be the bottleneck. There is literally no path to becoming a physician other than the blessed med school + residency path. By contrast, you can become a lawyer simply by passing the bar exam. Some states are starting to allow physicians to practice without residency and the AMA is vehemently against it.