I don't know how it was in general, but for example in The Count of Monte Cristo I think the Count and his guests primarily consumed hashish in food, rather tha

I don't know how it was in general, but for example in The Count of Monte Cristo I think the Count and his guests primarily consumed hashish in food, rather than by smoking. It's portrayed as exotic and foreign and borderline magical. So it's possible that there were people using it in Europe for centuries, but not a lot of them, and maybe not enough of them for it to appear in whatever secular contemporary art is preserved from the 17th century.