this heavily depends on whether or not there is any interpolation, the complication is that you can detect a strobe at essentially arbitrary frequency, provided

this heavily depends on whether or not there is any interpolation, the complication is that you can detect a strobe at essentially arbitrary frequency, provided it is illuminating a moving object, as you will see the rate of the strobe as a spacing between images. Similarly, if you are rendering pong with no interpolation, and the ball is moving fast enough you'll just see copies of the ball. This makes the test somewhat ill posed. Interpolation is also somewhat ill posed, computationally, but if you were to do it very intelligently, or to only a first approximation, I suspect we have more trouble detecting it.