This is what I call "playing defense" instead of "playing offense". By nature, the people at large companies are more concerned with risk aversion than innovat

This is what I call "playing defense" instead of "playing offense". By nature, the people at large companies are more concerned with risk aversion than innovation. This is also how managers like to "hold power" over the real innovators by controlling the change management process. What makes a manager more qualified to deploy to production than the programmer?