Even if your process is destructive, you can still use statistics to get a probabilistic verification. For example, buy 10 chips, verify 9 randomly. If all are

Even if your process is destructive, you can still use statistics to get a probabilistic verification. For example, buy 10 chips, verify 9 randomly. If all are clean, then there's 90% confidence your chip is clean as well. More realistically, you would collect samples (a certain %) from a large batch to check none is compromised, and then take corrective measures to secure your supply chain. This kind of technique might be significant in highly sensitive applications like electronic voting.