"There was no clear association between adult ADHD and dementia among individuals with ADHD who received psychostimulant medications." This is super interestin

"There was no clear association between adult ADHD and dementia among individuals with ADHD who received psychostimulant medications." This is super interesting. The authors point to some needed future research into this in their discussion: "There are different interpretations of the finding that adult ADHD treated with psychostimulant medication was not clearly associated with an increased dementia risk. It is possible that ADHD treated with medication reflects more severe ADHD compared with ADHD not treated with prescribed psychostimulants, which may reflect milder symptoms or even a less-accurate diagnosis. Also, ADHD is a chronic condition and may have negative long-term sequelae when untreated. Hence, the lack of association among individuals exposed to psychostimulants contradicts the conclusion that ADHD is associated with dementia risk. Alternatively, one may accept our ADHD ascertainment procedures. Among patients with adult ADHD, psychostimulant exposure is uncommon (22.3% in our study and less elsewhere5). The ADHD medication and diagnosis combination is 0.5% (567 of 109 218), possibly an underestimate of adult ADHD. Also, psychostimulants are cognitive enhancers hypothesized to reduce dementia risk.19 In addition, our study results should be interpreted within the broader literature that generally supports the association between adult ADHD and dementia.14-17 Seen this way, including psychostimulants in the association between adult ADHD and dementia risk may account for confounding by medication. That said, future research is necessary, including the assessment of adult ADHD symptom severity, to examine the role of psychostimulant medication in old age."