Only because our universe is currently expanding, if it wasn't or would stop in the future, given enough time you could eventually distribute the task over a la

Only because our universe is currently expanding, if it wasn't or would stop in the future, given enough time you could eventually distribute the task over a large enough region to perform the computation and afterwards combine the results in one place. And one would probably have to throw in a couple of technical requirements, for example that the energy density does not decrease faster than the future light cone expands.