And the cost of everything of the surgery - IVs, antibiotics, catheters, testing reagents, syringes, needles, are usually the same items used in human medicine.

And the cost of everything of the surgery - IVs, antibiotics, catheters, testing reagents, syringes, needles, are usually the same items used in human medicine. Vets don't get a discount on this. You just don't see that a bag of saline solution is $100 if you go into surgery because your insurance pays it. Meanwhile, the vet has to pass the $100 to you.