4 ms·
Not an expert, but probably in relation to this[1]: > In water, most of the particles are negative charged, to neutralize the charge a positive ion (cation) m
by appplication 3y ago
Not an expert, but probably in relation to this[1]:
> In water, most of the particles are negative charged, to neutralize the charge a positive ion (cation) may be used as a coagulant. Potassium hydroxide contributes a mono-valent ion, K+. Calcium hydroxide gives a divalent ion, Ca2+. Aluminum coagulants give trivalent aluminum ions, Al3+. According to Schultz in 1882 and Hardy in 1900, higher the charge of cation, more effective is charge neutralization.
This charge would be present at the surface[2] if not dealt with via the alum, and I imagine that could disrupt the crystallization process happening there.
[1] https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13201-018-0662-5 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13201-018-0662-5
[2] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_charge https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_charge