This is getting towards the topic of bullshit jobs. (I'm going to rip off Graber's book here.) There are several "invalid jobs", including: Flunkies - people h

This is getting towards the topic of bullshit jobs. (I'm going to rip off Graber's book here.) There are several "invalid jobs", including: Flunkies - people hired to make their boss look important, because said boss has a lot of staff in their department. Their purpose is ultimately managerial infighting, which is zero-sum. Duct tapers - people whose job is to inefficiently work around problems caused by solvable social issues, e.g. a person whose job is printing out emails because $EXEC is old and refuses to learn how computers work. Box-tickers - people whose job isn't to do something, but to be seen doing something, so that company can claim they're trying to do X when they don't give a shit about actually accomplishing X. I'm skipping the others, because I don't understand them well enough to explain them in my own words.