Could you give me references for this theory of meta-tracing in the 1990s? It seems to me that PyPy was the first to, systematically and in a lightweight way, s

Could you give me references for this theory of meta-tracing in the 1990s? It seems to me that PyPy was the first to, systematically and in a lightweight way, solve the problem of normal JITs optimising the wrong loop, when JITing interpreter loops.