I do imagine there are some who truly are more efficient handwashing than using a dishwasher, but from your link: > Additionally it was shown that new dishwash

I do imagine there are some who truly are more efficient handwashing than using a dishwasher, but from your link: > Additionally it was shown that new dishwashers are able to reach at least the same performance with significant less amount of water needed as any test person Also, the chart shows the average water use for a lot of these countries is somewhere close to 100L of water. Even for the lows of Germany/GB the average is around 50L. 3.5gal is only ~13L of water. So by this document my dishwasher is 3.8x as efficient as the average German doing dishes and almost 8x more efficient as many other countries, but I do agree this study doesn't exactly have massive sample sizes and there's a massive range of variability. I do generally agree though we're (usually) talking about somewhat insignificant amounts of water "wasted" either way. I use far more water for bathing, drinking/eating, and flushing throughout my day, and we're talking about a few hundred kWh of energy used over a year when my monthly usage is >1000kWh. In the end I agree, people should generally do what's comfortable for them, save for just letting the hot water run while doing a lot of dishes. But this idea that the average person handwashing dishes is radically more efficient just isn't reality, and most people would have to seriously try to be more water/energy efficient than most dishwashers on the market today. The average person's techniques for washing dishes by hand just isn't as efficient as any modern dishwasher. That's probably fine, but also lets not ignore reality.