Cradle to grave analysis of most EVs puts them ahead on emissions, even including manufacturing, even with poor grid mixes of mostly coal power. Battery materia

Cradle to grave analysis of most EVs puts them ahead on emissions, even including manufacturing, even with poor grid mixes of mostly coal power. Battery materials are also recyclable, so those manufacturing impacts should decrease over time on a per-vehicle basis. Smaller, more efficient vehicles with smaller batteries are definitely better and should be incentivized. If you want to compare them yourself, don't forget to include all of the externalities from drilling, transporting, and refining petroleum before it reaches the pump. Tailpipe vs tailpipe certainly doesn't tell the whole story.