I think the answer here can be different depending upon the ecosystem. I confidently believe that abstraction is better instrumented and practiced in functiona

I think the answer here can be different depending upon the ecosystem. I confidently believe that abstraction is better instrumented and practiced in functional programming languages than those of the still-dominant object-oriented paradigm. Awkward abstractions are much easier to grow and stumble upon when the basic unit (an object) encourages private, greedy, encapsulation of data and method implementations. In functional languages, living up to DRY (don't repeat yourself) is a much more immediate and clear proposition.