Apple Musics approach is my favorite. They show a white screen for half a second, which is usually enough to load the content. If the request takes too long,

Apple Musics approach is my favorite. They show a white screen for half a second, which is usually enough to load the content. If the request takes too long, a spinner fades in. They also, very conservatively, show partial- or skeleton screens. Crucially, these skeleton never animate, cause layout shifts or show filler content. They usually just show UI elements that would be there regardless of what the loaded content is. I never even noticed the loading states until I started paying attention to them.