This is really helpful to understanding what you mean. If you would be interested, I could go through all that and explain each piece. But the normal answer of

This is really helpful to understanding what you mean. If you would be interested, I could go through all that and explain each piece. But the normal answer of “spend a few hours reading the rust book, it will be faster then trying to muddle through” is fine, and misses the point. You are absolutely right. The foreign-ness you are seeing is the ML side of Rust’s roots. Rebinding, restructuring, small wrapper types, and of course all the functional programming bits and bobs that people coming from, say, Haskell might see as being quaintly simple, but arcane to anyone else.