When one says fake photographs, that is not the same as saying digital manipulation. Photo manipulation is older than the transistor. See https://www.imaging-re

When one says fake photographs, that is not the same as saying digital manipulation. Photo manipulation is older than the transistor. See https://www.imaging-resource.com/news/2012/09/28/before-photoshop-how-photographers-have-been-manipulating-images-for-years https://www.imaging-resource.com/news/2012/09/28/before-phot... for some examples; these are admittedly artistic manipulations and fairly obvious, but it's entirely possible to apply the same techniques in other ways.