Innovation has less to do with open or closed source and more to do with organizational structure and chain of command. Innovation comes from individuals - not

Innovation has less to do with open or closed source and more to do with organizational structure and chain of command. Innovation comes from individuals - not from groups. If one person is in charge and has the power to drive his ideas through an organisation, whether that is an open source project or a company, he will be able to realise his innovative ideas. If consensus in an organisation is that decisions are made by committee innovation is less likely to happen. Committees have a tendency to boil away anything that is radical, new, or not proven. Apple is innovative because Steve Jobs is the supreme leader. Python is innovative because Guido van Rossum is benevolent dictator for life. Bittorrent is innovative because Bram Cohen had an idea, programmed it himself, and had no organisation to answer to. Linux is innovative because Linus Thorvalds is even better at divide and conquer strategies than he is at coding.