If the approach to a accident/catastrophe/breach is to find guilt and assign blame then there are strong and clear incentives to avoid blame. In a lot of conte

If the approach to a accident/catastrophe/breach is to find guilt and assign blame then there are strong and clear incentives to avoid blame. In a lot of contexts this cannot be significantly changed by company culture as many legal systems adopt this approach. The oft mentioned other approach is to assume that human and operational error cannot be eliminated[0] and design systems to withstands many compounding mistakes. Afaik we do this only in aviation and infrastructure [0] these two approaches are similar and live on a continuum between "we punished the guilty party, the problem is no more" and "let's make sure that this not any similar problem never happens again". Both extremes are often wrong, but in many cases it is a good idea to move towards the latter.