It uses another important Networking 101 principle: It's All Just Numbers. ARP, DNS, HTTP, TLS, on the one hand they really are the things that may pop into yo

It uses another important Networking 101 principle: It's All Just Numbers. ARP, DNS, HTTP, TLS, on the one hand they really are the things that may pop into your head when you think about those things, but they are also simultaneously Just Numbers. ARP has access to the same numbers as HTTP. UDP doesn't get access to 11-bit bytes. DNS does not have special CPU instructions only it gets access to. It's All Just Numbers. And in the end you can stuff whatever numbers you like onto the line and the rest of the world is just going to take those numbers and do... whatever they do with them.