Adding on to your statement. I think this is the crux of the problem. Organizing people efficiently is hard. And unfortunately the incentives for mangers are:

Adding on to your statement. I think this is the crux of the problem. Organizing people efficiently is hard. And unfortunately the incentives for mangers are: the more people under you the more valuable you are. And you must hit goals because managers are directly judged based on team outcomes. The problem is "turtles all the way down". Because of the above, often directors aren't amazing mentors. They just know how to push people into the right direction... Socialized bad guy if you will. So instead of managers getting solid mentorship, they are often thrust into a position of power and told to figure it out, well for many, as you see with how they raise children, figure it out = ruthless. I have had a manager who ended up as a mentor/friend. That is because she always cared.