Slackware comes pretty close, too. Yeah, you can use the TUI installer... but Slackware packages are pretty much just tarballs that you could extract directly

Slackware comes pretty close, too. Yeah, you can use the TUI installer... but Slackware packages are pretty much just tarballs that you could extract directly onto / (plus an extra folder for metadata and post-install scripts). Starting with a bare-minimum Linux install and extracting enough packages one-by-one to get slackpkg working is a fun exercise (one which I've indeed done on everything from various LXC-based budget VPSs to old thin clients with disk space in the hundreds of MB at best).