No state can manage identities without the consent of the individual because individuals have to actively protect and manage their identities and not sell them.

No state can manage identities without the consent of the individual because individuals have to actively protect and manage their identities and not sell them. E.g. we protect our social security numbers against identity theft because the economic benefits of having one outweigh selling it. But when there isn't a benefit, then the identity can just be sold. Solving the identity problem and solving the "good governance" problem are likely the same problem.