the idea of "signalling" comes from economics and game theory to explain some indirect forces in the market. If a company gets a reputation for vigorously defen

the idea of "signalling" comes from economics and game theory to explain some indirect forces in the market. If a company gets a reputation for vigorously defending intellectual property even when the amount in question is minor, or slashing prices in markets where they face regional competition, etc., they "signal" to potential future competitors that it might not be worth it. Doing something virtuous has an intrinsic value, and also sends a signal if other people see you do it. Your intent has nothing to do with the signal. I was simply bringing up virtue to making the point that recycling's failure can backfire without saying anything about virtue signals.