Arguably, composing/depending on the composability of optional values is also a code smell. A Some(Some(None)) may be occasionally okay, but it is almost always

Arguably, composing/depending on the composability of optional values is also a code smell. A Some(Some(None)) may be occasionally okay, but it is almost always better represented by an explicit type. Also, clojure can better express these in-between states, as demonstrated by the very good talk (I swear Hickey always sells me on Clojure.. I really should write something more serious in it)