I think we can start by checking whether energy is conserved given everything we know. If not, then you may have discovered a new particle/force. (If we didn’t

I think we can start by checking whether energy is conserved given everything we know. If not, then you may have discovered a new particle/force. (If we didn’t know about electromagnetic induction, and pushed the magnet through the coil, then we’d find that energy is not conserved.)