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electric cars: invented by private industry, refined by private industry lithium ion batteries: invented at Exxon and Asahi Kasai corp AI: refined at IBM culm

electric cars: invented by private industry, refined by private industry lithium ion batteries: invented at Exxon and Asahi Kasai corp AI: refined at IBM culminating in deep blue, refined by Google with BERT, recently refined by Open AI solar panel: invented by bell labs private industry modern electronics, medical technology, and green tech?? all so vague, but probably all invented by private industry. It's actually the reverse with you showing your ignorance.

ivan_gammel 3y ago
Solar panels were invented even before Alexander Bell was born, by Edmond Becquerel. His work was funded by France. Lithium ion batteries of Whittingham were based on decades of research in academia, including his own work at Standford and work of other scientists in many other institutions. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_lithium-ion_battery https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_lithium-ion_bat... how many research institutions are mentioned in the article. Profit-oriented research rarely produces interesting fundamental results.
- nerdchum 3y ago
  Electricity, radio waves, flight, antibiotics.. it seems to me that private industry and individuals produce the MOST interesting fundamental results. It might be good to check your confidence in your knowledge. > His work was funded by France. Citation needed. Everything I've read he was a private citizen experimenting in his father's laboratory and not part of any academic institution or receiving any government funding.
  - ivan_gammel 3y ago
    Electricity - not a single result, but a big topic, to which contributed Faraday, Galvani, Volta, Thomson among others. You can check where they worked. Ben Franklin funded research himself, but his contribution to modern theory of electricity is not the biggest. Radio waves - Maxwell, of course. Radio receiver/transmitter invented both by Popov and Marconi independently of each other, so it’s 50/50 academic vs commercial research. Flight - impossible to attribute to a single person or team of inventors. There are balloons, gliders, airplanes, space flight etc. Wright brothers built a machine, but there was prior research in academia. Theory of flight was developed with heavy influence of military (i.e. state funding) and I can name a number of state-funded institutions in different countries which advanced the science significantly. Commercialization did help, but not as the only driver and probably not the main one. Antibiotics - what fundamental result do you mean exactly? It’s a broad term with a rich history, a lot of initial research done in non-commercial institutions. I will stop here. I have an impression that your views have something to do with your personal grievances. If you want to construct some unorthodox theory of how science works, good luck with that.
    - nerdchum 3y ago
      So much rationalization. Anytime someone has to rationalize to this great of an extent... I know they have an agenda. It's extremely simple. The wright brothers discovered/ invented flight. Ben Franklin discovered/ invented electricity. Marconi: radio waves Flemming: antibiotics This is settled history agreed upon worldwide, this is not controversial or complicated. why do you have to rationalize so much!?
  - roywiggins 3y ago
    His father was a professor at the French National Museum of Natural History, that's presumably where the lab was.

ivan_gammel 3y ago

Solar panels were invented even before Alexander Bell was born, by Edmond Becquerel. His work was funded by France. Lithium ion batteries of Whittingham were based on decades of research in academia, including his own work at Standford and work of other scientists in many other institutions. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_lithium-ion_battery https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_lithium-ion_bat... how many research institutions are mentioned in the article. Profit-oriented research rarely produces interesting fundamental results.

nerdchum 3y ago
Electricity, radio waves, flight, antibiotics.. it seems to me that private industry and individuals produce the MOST interesting fundamental results. It might be good to check your confidence in your knowledge. > His work was funded by France. Citation needed. Everything I've read he was a private citizen experimenting in his father's laboratory and not part of any academic institution or receiving any government funding.
- ivan_gammel 3y ago
  Electricity - not a single result, but a big topic, to which contributed Faraday, Galvani, Volta, Thomson among others. You can check where they worked. Ben Franklin funded research himself, but his contribution to modern theory of electricity is not the biggest. Radio waves - Maxwell, of course. Radio receiver/transmitter invented both by Popov and Marconi independently of each other, so it’s 50/50 academic vs commercial research. Flight - impossible to attribute to a single person or team of inventors. There are balloons, gliders, airplanes, space flight etc. Wright brothers built a machine, but there was prior research in academia. Theory of flight was developed with heavy influence of military (i.e. state funding) and I can name a number of state-funded institutions in different countries which advanced the science significantly. Commercialization did help, but not as the only driver and probably not the main one. Antibiotics - what fundamental result do you mean exactly? It’s a broad term with a rich history, a lot of initial research done in non-commercial institutions. I will stop here. I have an impression that your views have something to do with your personal grievances. If you want to construct some unorthodox theory of how science works, good luck with that.
  - nerdchum 3y ago
    So much rationalization. Anytime someone has to rationalize to this great of an extent... I know they have an agenda. It's extremely simple. The wright brothers discovered/ invented flight. Ben Franklin discovered/ invented electricity. Marconi: radio waves Flemming: antibiotics This is settled history agreed upon worldwide, this is not controversial or complicated. why do you have to rationalize so much!?
- roywiggins 3y ago
  His father was a professor at the French National Museum of Natural History, that's presumably where the lab was.