There are real qubits, that suffer from all the reliability issues implied by what you're talking about. There are also error correction algorithms to try and s

There are real qubits, that suffer from all the reliability issues implied by what you're talking about. There are also error correction algorithms to try and salvage from the mess the computational equivalent of error-free real qubits, through error correction on a bunch of real-world, error-prone qubits. The industry standard (such as it is) when reporting qubit counts is that you report your qubit logical equivalent, because that's what counts for computation. If your chip has 500 qubits with a ruinous error rate that requires a god-tier error correction algorithm to achieve a functional result equivalent to a 12 qubit computer, you should report that as "We made a 12 qubit computer".