> what's the alternative to doing something like DI/Factory stuff? At some point you hit the point where you need to interact with the stateful, non-functional

> what's the alternative to doing something like DI/Factory stuff? At some point you hit the point where you need to interact with the stateful, non-functional outside world. More DI and more Factory, I kid you not. If I’ve learned anything from FP, there’s nothing you can’t solve by passing contained references to things that make more things. If it ever becomes cumbersome it’s also a great forcing function to reconsider everything you think you know and whether you want to keep knowing.